Normal 8x10 lens.

There is a phone app called Viewfinder which allows you to set the film size - including 10x8 and the lens mm to give you a preview of what you will get includes a light meter as well - it takes a bit of fiddling to add your lenses and film/sensor sizes . It’s a bit tedious looking at it indoors but if you set it up and pick an outdoor subject it will give a useful indication of what you actually get without having to guess and let you target your lens GAS with less remorse ;-)
Is that the MK II Artist's Viewfinder app? I've been using it for years.
 
My suspicion is that the so-called normal lens is the one that’s easiest to design and manufacture with a large aperture. 35mm camera lens sets illustrate this very well. The fastest ones are generally closest to “normal”.
Large format presents a more complicated picture. Many of the focal lengths we use are simply the standard ones for the next size format, up or down. The fact that you can mount pretty well any lens on any camera is unique to large format.
Much of this is influenced by market forces, of course. Who doesn’t want a faster/lighter/sharper/cheaper lens? Who doesn’t want to sell them one?
 
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